1. Using Exit Codes:

   • Every command returns an exit code. 0 indicates success, and non-zero indicates failure.

   • Example:

     if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
         echo "Command succeeded."
     else
         echo "Command failed."
     fi

2. set** Command**:

   • Use set -e to exit the script on any error.

Debugging Scripts

1. Enable Debugging:

   • Add set -x at the beginning of the script.

2. Run in Debug Mode:

   • Command: bash -x script.sh

Summary

Shell scripting is a versatile skill that allows you to automate and streamline tasks in Linux. By learning how to write scripts, handle variables, use conditionals, and create loops, you can simplify complex processes. In the next lesson, we will explore Linux package management and software installation.